1.基本用法
定时任务很简单，指定多长时间执行一个任务。
(1) 在main类上添加注解@EnableScheduling
(2) 在@Component组件类中添加@Scheduled注解
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| @Component
public class ScheduledTasks {
private static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000)
public void reportCurrentTime() {
System.out.println("现在时间：" + dateFormat.format(new Date()));
}
}
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SpringBoot Quartz 无法使用@Autowired注入
今天给实习生解决一个问题，就是使用使用Quartz进行定时任务时，总是无法使用@Autowired注入service，包空指针错误(吐槽下自己的技术，确实没有练到家啊，实习生来问我问题，我确实连解决的思路都没有，惭愧啊，惭愧)。
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| @DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class LogJob implements Job {
private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogJob.class);
@Autowired
private DDlogInfoService dDlogInfoService;
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
log.error("DDlogInfoService:"+dDlogInfoService);
log.error("DDlogInfoService: two",dDlogInfoService);
dDlogInfoService.logTomyServer(userlogs);
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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经过查阅资料，确实有很多的人遇到了这个问题。在使用Spring自带的定时任务注解@Scheduled时，同样在任务执行类中使用了Service，好像并没有出现这个问题。
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@Component
public class ClickhouseImport {
private final static Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClickhouseImport.class);
@Resource
private RealTimeMapper realTimeMapper;
@Autowired
private ClickhouseDbUtil clickhouseDbUtil;
public void insertClickhouse(String startdate,String enddate){
try {
List<RealTime> result=realTimeMapper.selectBetweenDate(startdate,enddate);
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error("getBetween",e);
}
}
}
@Component
public class ScheduledTasks {
private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduledTasks.class);
@Autowired
private ClickhouseImport clickhouseImport;
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 50*1000)
public void timingImportData() {
try {
clickhouseImport.insertClickhouse("startdate","enddate");
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error("",e);
}
}
}
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(3) 我依次实现了QuartzSchedule和AdaptableJobFactory，依然还是不行。
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| @Component
public class MyJobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory{
@Autowired
private AutowireCapableBeanFactory capableBeanFactory;
@Override
protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
Object jobInstance = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
capableBeanFactory.autowireBean(jobInstance);
return jobInstance;
}
}
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| @Configuration
@EnableScheduling
public class QuartzSchedule {
@Autowired
private MyJobFactory myJobFactory;
@Bean
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
System.out.println("dsf");
factory.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
factory.setStartupDelay(20);
factory.setJobFactory(myJobFactory);
return factory;
}
}
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我又回到了最初的代码，在CommandLineRunner实现类中，直接调用注入DDlogInfoService，是可以的，但是在任务类LogJob中，却出现了空指针的异常。会不会是CommandLineRunner
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| @Component
public class MyCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
private final Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(MyCommandLineRunner.class);
@Autowired
private DDlogInfoService dDlogInfoService;
@Override
public void run(String... args) {
try{
log.error("s",dDlogInfoService);
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
JobDetail build = JobBuilder.newJob(LogJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "triggerGroup1")
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("* * * * * ? ")).build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(build,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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(4) 经过多方探索和尝试，最终找到了正确的使用方法。
1.pom.xml中引入插件
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| <dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
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2.编写任务类
编写任务类，定时执行代码，扩展QuartzJobBean，调用@Autowired注入服务层
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| @DisallowConcurrentExecution
@Component
public class LogJob extends QuartzJobBean {
private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogJob.class);
@Autowired
private DDlogInfoService dDlogInfoService;
@Override
public void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) {
try {
log.error("",dDlogInfoService);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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3.编写配置类
编写配置类，注入任务Bean
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| @Configuration
@EnableScheduling
public class QuartzSchedule {
@Bean
public JobDetail quartzTaskServiceJobDetail() {
return JobBuilder.newJob(LogJob.class).withIdentity("quartzTaskService").storeDurably().build();
}
@Bean
public Trigger quartzTaskServiceTrigger() {
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("* * * * * ?");
return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().forJob(quartzTaskServiceJobDetail())
.withIdentity("quartzTaskService")
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)
.build();
}
}
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这样就可以正常的通过@Autowired注入服务层的内容了。
至于为何通过Job接口并且结合AdaptableJobFactory无法实现的问题，还有待进一步探讨
4.动态配置
动态配置定时任务，就是说以前的定时任务都是代码中写死的，如何实现通过代码的方式动态修改定时任务呢？本来要一天执行一次的，现在一个小时执行一次。
